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<title>High-functioning autism</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">High-functioning autism</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">High-functioning autism</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Grunya_Sukhareva" title="Grunya Sukhareva">Sukhareva</a> syndrome<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Psychiatry" title="Psychiatry">Psychiatry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Signs_and_symptoms" title="Signs and symptoms">Symptoms</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Trouble with <a href="Interpersonal_relationship" title="Interpersonal relationship">social interaction</a>, impaired <a href="Communication" title="Communication">communication</a>, restricted interests, repetitive behavior</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Complication_(medicine)" title="Complication (medicine)">Complications</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Social isolation, employment problems, family stress, <a href="Bullying" title="Bullying">bullying</a>, <a href="Self-harm" title="Self-harm">self-harm</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Usual onset</th><td class="infobox-data">By age two or three<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data">Lifelong</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Cause_(medicine)" title="Cause (medicine)">Causes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Heritability_of_autism" title="Heritability of autism">Genetic</a> and environmental factors</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Medical_diagnosis" title="Medical diagnosis">Diagnostic method</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Based on behavior and developmental history</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Differential_diagnosis" title="Differential diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Asperger_syndrome" title="Asperger syndrome">Asperger syndrome</a>, <a href="Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder" title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</a>, <a href="Tourette_syndrome" title="Tourette syndrome">Tourette syndrome</a>, <a href="Anxiety_disorder" title="Anxiety disorder">anxiety disorder</a>, <a href="Bipolar_disorder" title="Bipolar disorder">bipolar disorder</a>, <a href="Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder" title="Obsessive–compulsive disorder">obsessive–compulsive disorder</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Treatment</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Behavioral_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Behavioral therapy">Behavioral therapy</a>, <a href="Speech_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech therapy">speech therapy</a>, <a href="Psychotropic_medication" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychotropic medication">psychotropic medication</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Medication" title="Medication">Medication</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Atypical_antipsychotics" class="mw-redirect" title="Atypical antipsychotics">Antipsychotics</a>, <a href="Antidepressants" class="mw-redirect" title="Antidepressants">antidepressants</a>, <a href="Stimulants" class="mw-redirect" title="Stimulants">stimulants</a> (associated symptoms)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">

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<p><b>High-functioning autism</b> (<b>HFA</b>) was historically an <a href="Autism_spectrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Autism spectrum">autism</a> classification to describe a person who exhibited no <a href="Intellectual_disability" title="Intellectual disability">intellectual disability</a> but otherwise showed autistic traits, such as difficulty in <a href="Social_interaction" class="mw-redirect" title="Social interaction">social interaction</a> and <a href="Communication" title="Communication">communication</a>. The term was often applied to verbal autistic people of at least average intelligence.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arn_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, many in medical and autistic communities have called to stop using the term, finding it simplistic and unindicative of the difficulties some autistic people face.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>HFA has never been included in either the <a href="American_Psychiatric_Association" title="American Psychiatric Association">American Psychiatric Association</a>'s <i><a href="Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</a></i> (DSM) or the <a href="World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>'s <i><a href="International_Classification_of_Diseases" title="International Classification of Diseases">International Classification of Diseases</a></i> (ICD), the two major classification and diagnostic guidelines for <a href="Psychiatry" title="Psychiatry">psychiatric</a> conditions.

</p><p>The DSM-5-TR subtypes autism into three levels based on support needs. Autism Level 1 has the least support needs and corresponds most closely with the "high-functioning" identifier.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characterization">Characterization</h2></div>

<p>The term "high-functioning autism" was used in a manner similar to <a href="Asperger_syndrome" title="Asperger syndrome">Asperger syndrome</a>, another outdated classification. The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years.<sup id="cite_ref-arn_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term Asperger syndrome typically excluded a general language delay.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Other differences noted in features of high-functioning autism and Asperger syndrome included the following:<sup id="cite_ref-arn_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li>Lower <a href="Verbal_reasoning" title="Verbal reasoning">verbal reasoning</a> ability</li>

<li>Better <a href="Visual_thinking" title="Visual thinking">visual/spatial</a> skills (being uniquely artistically talented)</li>

<li>Less deviating locomotion (e.g., clumsiness)</li>

<li>Problems functioning independently</li>

<li>Curiosity and interest for many different things</li>

<li>Not as good at empathizing with other people</li>

<li>Male to female ratio (4:1) much smaller</li></ul>

<p>HFA is not a recognised diagnosis by the <a href="American_Psychiatric_Association" title="American Psychiatric Association">American Psychiatric Association</a> or the <a href="World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>. HFA was, however, previously used in clinical settings to describe cases of autism spectrum disorder where indicators suggested an <a href="Intelligence_quotient" title="Intelligence quotient">intelligence quotient</a> (IQ) of 70 or greater.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comorbidities">Comorbidities</h3></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Conditions_comorbid_to_autism" title="Conditions comorbid to autism">Conditions comorbid to autism</a></div>

<p>With the notable exception of <a href="Intellectual_disability" title="Intellectual disability">intellectual disabilities</a>, which were not part of HFA, cormobidities found in HFA populations reflected those found in autism. (Between 40 and 55% of individuals with autism also have an intellectual disability.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) Studies that looked specifically at HFA have examined <a href="Anxiety" title="Anxiety">anxiety</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Bipolar_disorder" title="Bipolar disorder">bipolar disorder</a>, <a href="Tourette_syndrome" title="Tourette syndrome">Tourette syndrome</a>, <a href="Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder" title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</a> (ADHD), and <a href="Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder" title="Obsessive–compulsive disorder">obsessive–compulsive disorder</a> (OCD). Both HFA and OCD have abnormalities associated with <a href="Serotonin" title="Serotonin">serotonin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mazzone_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mazzone-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Behavior">Behavior</h3></div>

<p>A 2012 study noted that HFA "disorders are over-represented in the criminal population as compared to the general population", though more research needs to be done in this area.<sup id="cite_ref-Mazzone_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mazzone-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some case studies have linked the lack of empathy and social naïveté associated with HFA to criminal actions.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="Autism_therapies" title="Autism therapies">Autism therapies</a></li>

<li><a href="Causes_of_autism" title="Causes of autism">Causes of autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Conditions_comorbid_to_autism" title="Conditions comorbid to autism">Conditions comorbid to autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Diagnosis_of_autism" title="Diagnosis of autism">Diagnosis of autism</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFRobison2007" class="citation book cs1">Robison JE (2007). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lookmeineyemyl00robi"><i>Look Me in the Eye: My Life with Asperger's</i></a></span>. <a href="Three_Rivers_Press" title="Three Rivers Press">Three Rivers Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-307-39598-6</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFMcCreary2019" class="citation book cs1">McCreary M (2019). Ayer P (ed.). <i>Funny, You Don't Look Autistic: A Comedian's Guide to Life on the Spectrum</i>. Toronto: Annick Press Ltd. p. 169. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-77321-257-9</bdi>. <a href="LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2018303582">2018303582</a>.</cite></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Autism373" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Autism" title="Autism">Autism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Causes_of_autism" title="Causes of autism">Causes</a></li>

<li><a href="Diagnosis_of_autism" title="Diagnosis of autism">Diagnosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Epidemiology_of_autism" title="Epidemiology of autism">Epidemiology</a></li>

<li><a href="Epigenetics_of_autism" title="Epigenetics of autism">Epigenetics</a></li>

<li><a href="Heritability_of_autism" title="Heritability of autism">Heritability</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_autism" title="History of autism">History</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_and_memory" title="Autism and memory">Memory</a></li>

<li><a href="Pathophysiology_of_autism" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathophysiology of autism">Pathophysiology</a></li>

<li><a href="Sex_and_gender_differences_in_autism" title="Sex and gender differences in autism">Sex and gender</a></li>

<li><a href="Societal_and_cultural_aspects_of_autism" title="Societal and cultural aspects of autism">Societal and cultural aspects</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_therapies" title="Autism therapies">Therapies</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diagnoses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Pervasive_developmental_disorder" title="Pervasive developmental disorder">Pervasive developmental disorder</a>

<ul><li><a href="Classic_autism" title="Classic autism">Autistic disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Asperger_syndrome" title="Asperger syndrome">Asperger syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Pervasive_developmental_disorder_not_otherwise_specified" title="Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified">Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified</a></li>

<li><a href="Childhood_disintegrative_disorder" title="Childhood disintegrative disorder">Childhood disintegrative disorder</a></li></ul></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated conditions<br>and phenomena</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alexithymia" title="Alexithymia">Alexithymia</a></li>

<li><a href="Distinct_anxiety" title="Distinct anxiety">Anxiety</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_and_LGBTQ_identities" title="Autism and LGBTQ identities">LGBTQ identities</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_burnout" class="mw-redirect" title="Autistic burnout">Burnout</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_catatonia" title="Autistic catatonia">Catatonia</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_masking" title="Autistic masking">Masking</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_meltdown" class="mw-redirect" title="Autistic meltdown">Meltdowns</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_inertia" class="mw-redirect" title="Autistic inertia">Inertia</a></li>

<li><a href="Echolalia" title="Echolalia">Echolalia</a></li>

<li><a href="Echopraxia" title="Echopraxia">Echopraxia</a></li>

<li><a href="Emotional_dysregulation" title="Emotional dysregulation">Emotional dysregulation</a></li>

<li><a href="Hyperlexia" title="Hyperlexia">Hyperlexia</a></li>

<li><a href="Infodumping" title="Infodumping">Infodumping</a></li>

<li><a href="Late_talker" title="Late talker">Late talker</a></li>

<li><a href="Monotropism" title="Monotropism">Monotropism</a></li>

<li><a href="Nonverbal_autism" title="Nonverbal autism">Nonspeaking</a></li>

<li><a href="Pathological_demand_avoidance" title="Pathological demand avoidance">Pathological demand avoidance</a></li>

<li><a href="Pronoun_reversal" title="Pronoun reversal">Pronoun reversal</a></li>

<li><a href="Savant_syndrome" title="Savant syndrome">Savant syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Special_interest_(autism)" title="Special interest (autism)">Special interests</a></li>

<li><a href="Stimming" title="Stimming">Stimming</a></li>

<li><a href="Sensory_overload" title="Sensory overload">Sensory overload</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Conditions_comorbid_to_autism" title="Conditions comorbid to autism">Comorbid conditions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder" title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Avoidant/restrictive_food_intake_disorder" title="Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder">Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Avoidant_personality_disorder" title="Avoidant personality disorder">Avoidant personality disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Anxiety_disorder" title="Anxiety disorder">Anxiety disorder</a>

<ul><li><a href="Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder" title="Obsessive–compulsive disorder">obsessive–compulsive disorder</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Bipolar_disorder" title="Bipolar disorder">Bipolar disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Developmental_coordination_disorder" title="Developmental coordination disorder">Developmental coordination disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Developmental_verbal_dyspraxia" title="Developmental verbal dyspraxia">Developmental verbal dyspraxia</a></li>

<li><a href="Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy">Epilepsy</a></li>

<li><a href="Gender_dysphoria" title="Gender dysphoria">Gender dysphoria</a></li>

<li><a href="Global_developmental_delay" title="Global developmental delay">Global developmental delay</a></li>

<li><a href="Intellectual_disability" title="Intellectual disability">Intellectual disability</a></li>

<li><a href="Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">Major depressive disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Schizoid_personality_disorder" title="Schizoid personality disorder">Schizoid personality disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Sensory_processing_disorder" title="Sensory processing disorder">Sensory processing disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Sleep_disorder" title="Sleep disorder">Sleep disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Suicide" title="Suicide">Suicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Tinnitus" title="Tinnitus">Tinnitus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Syndromic_autism" title="Syndromic autism">Associated syndromes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="22q13_deletion_syndrome" title="22q13 deletion syndrome">22q13 deletion syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Angelman_syndrome" title="Angelman syndrome">Angelman syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="CHARGE_syndrome" title="CHARGE syndrome">CHARGE syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Cohen_syndrome" title="Cohen syndrome">Cohen syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Cornelia_de_Lange_syndrome" title="Cornelia de Lange syndrome">Cornelia de Lange syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="DiGeorge_syndrome" title="DiGeorge syndrome">DiGeorge syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Down_syndrome" title="Down syndrome">Down syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Fetal_valproate_spectrum_disorder" title="Fetal valproate spectrum disorder">Fetal valproate spectrum disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Fragile_X_syndrome" title="Fragile X syndrome">Fragile X syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="MECP2_duplication_syndrome" title="MECP2 duplication syndrome">MECP2 duplication syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Neurofibromatosis_type_I" title="Neurofibromatosis type I">Neurofibromatosis type I</a></li>

<li><a href="Noonan_syndrome" title="Noonan syndrome">Noonan syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Multiple_hamartoma_syndrome" title="Multiple hamartoma syndrome">Multiple hamartoma syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Rett_syndrome" title="Rett syndrome">Rett syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Smith%E2%80%93Lemli%E2%80%93Opitz_syndrome" title="Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome">Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Timothy_syndrome" title="Timothy syndrome">Timothy syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Tuberous_sclerosis" title="Tuberous sclerosis">Tuberous sclerosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Williams_syndrome" title="Williams syndrome">Williams syndrome</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ableism" title="Ableism">Ableism</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_rights_movement" title="Autistic rights movement">Autistic rights movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Critical_autism_studies" title="Critical autism studies">Critical autism studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Discrimination_against_autistic_people" title="Discrimination against autistic people">Discrimination</a></li>

<li><a href="Double_empathy_problem" title="Double empathy problem">Double empathy problem</a></li>

<li><a href="Employment_of_autistic_people" title="Employment of autistic people">Employment</a></li>

<li>Military service and conscription</li>

<li><a href="Multiple_complex_developmental_disorder" title="Multiple complex developmental disorder">Multiple complex developmental disorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Neurodiversity" title="Neurodiversity">Neurodiversity</a></li>

<li><a href="Neuroqueer_theory" title="Neuroqueer theory">Neuroqueer theory</a></li>

<li><a href="Peripheral_neuropathy" title="Peripheral neuropathy">Peripheral neuropathy</a></li>

<li><a href="Reduced_affect_display" title="Reduced affect display">Reduced affect display</a></li>

<li><a href="Sanism" title="Sanism">Sanism</a></li>

<li><a href="Suicidal_ideation" title="Suicidal ideation">Suicidal ideation</a></li>

<li><a href="Treatment_and_Education_of_Autistic_and_Related_Communication_Handicapped_Children" title="Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children">TEACCH program</a></li>

<li><a href="Twice_exceptional" title="Twice exceptional">Twice exceptional</a></li>

<li><a href="Violence_and_autism" title="Violence and autism">Violence and autism</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Controversies_in_autism" title="Controversies in autism">Controversies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Facilitated_communication" title="Facilitated communication">Facilitated communication</a></li>

<li><a href="Lancet_MMR_autism_fraud" title="Lancet MMR autism fraud">Lancet MMR autism fraud</a></li>

<li><a href="MMR_vaccine_and_autism" title="MMR vaccine and autism">MMR vaccine</a></li>

<li><a href="Rapid_prompting_method" title="Rapid prompting method">Rapid prompting method</a></li>

<li><a href="Thiomersal_and_vaccines" title="Thiomersal and vaccines">Thiomersal</a>

<ul><li><a href="Chelation_therapy" title="Chelation therapy">Chelation</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Combating_Autism_Act" title="Combating Autism Act">Combating Autism Act</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_supremacism" title="Autistic supremacism">Autistic supremacism</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diagnostic scales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism_Diagnostic_Interview" title="Autism Diagnostic Interview">Autism Diagnostic Interview</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Diagnostic_Observation_Schedule" title="Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule">Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule</a></li>

<li><a href="Childhood_Autism_Rating_Scale" title="Childhood Autism Rating Scale">Childhood Autism Rating Scale</a></li>

<li><a href="Gilliam_Asperger's_disorder_scale" title="Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale">Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Screening scales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism-spectrum_quotient" title="Autism-spectrum quotient">Autism-spectrum quotient</a></li>

<li><a href="Childhood_Autism_Spectrum_Test" title="Childhood Autism Spectrum Test">Childhood Autism Spectrum Test</a></li>

<li><a href="Ritvo_Autism_and_Asperger_Diagnostic_Scale" title="Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale">Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Outline_of_autism" title="Outline of autism">Autism-related topics</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_autistic_fictional_characters" title="List of autistic fictional characters">Fictional characters</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_schools_for_people_on_the_autism_spectrum" title="List of schools for people on the autism spectrum">Schools</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accommodations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism-friendly" class="mw-redirect" title="Autism-friendly">Autism-friendly</a></li>

<li><a href="Curb_cut_effect" title="Curb cut effect">Curb cut effect</a></li>

<li><a href="Inclusive_design" title="Inclusive design">Inclusive design</a></li>

<li><a href="Neurodiversity_and_labor_rights" title="Neurodiversity and labor rights">Neurodiversity and labor rights</a></li>

<li><a href="Neuroinclusive_design" title="Neuroinclusive design">Neuroinclusive design</a></li>

<li><a href="Sensory_friendly" title="Sensory friendly">Sensory friendly</a></li>

<li><a href="Supported_employment" title="Supported employment">Supported employment</a></li>

<li><a href="Universal_design" title="Universal design">Universal design</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autism_resources172" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Autism_resources172" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Autism" title="Autism">Autism</a> resources</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Autism" title="Autism">Autism</a>

<ul><li><a href="Outline_of_autism" title="Outline of autism">outline</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_autism" title="History of autism">history</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awareness</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism-friendly" class="mw-redirect" title="Autism-friendly">Autism-friendly</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Sunday" title="Autism Sunday">Autism Sunday</a></li>

<li><a href="Communication_Shutdown" title="Communication Shutdown">Communication Shutdown</a></li>

<li><a href="World_Autism_Awareness_Day" title="World Autism Awareness Day">World Autism Awareness Day</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Societal_and_cultural_aspects_of_autism" title="Societal and cultural aspects of autism">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autistic_art" title="Autistic art">Autistic art</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_in_popular_culture" title="Autism in popular culture">Autism in popular culture</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_autistic_fictional_characters" title="List of autistic fictional characters">Fictional characters</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_films_about_autism" title="List of films about autism">Films about autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Circle_of_Friends_(disabled_care)" title="Circle of Friends (disabled care)">Circle of Friends</a></li>

<li><a href="Neurodiversity" title="Neurodiversity">Neurodiversity</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accommodations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sensory_friendly" title="Sensory friendly">Sensory friendly</a></li>

<li><a href="KultureCity" title="KultureCity">KultureCity</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Therapies0" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Autism_therapies" title="Autism therapies">Therapies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Psychotropic medication (<a href="Antipsychotic" title="Antipsychotic">antipsychotics</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aripiprazole" title="Aripiprazole">Aripiprazole</a></li>

<li><a href="Risperidone" title="Risperidone">Risperidone</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behavioral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><ul><li><a href="Discrete_trial_training" title="Discrete trial training">Discrete trial training</a> (<a href="Ole_Ivar_Lovaas" title="Ole Ivar Lovaas">Lovaas</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Picture_exchange_communication_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Picture exchange communication system">Picture exchange communication system</a> (PECS)</li>

<li><a href="Pivotal_response_treatment" title="Pivotal response treatment">Pivotal response treatment</a></li>

<li><a href="Positive_behavior_support" title="Positive behavior support">Positive behavior support</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Early_Start_Denver_Model" title="Early Start Denver Model">Early Start Denver Model</a> (ESDM)</li>

<li><a href="Cognitive_behavioral_therapy" title="Cognitive behavioral therapy">Cognitive behavioral therapy</a> (CBT)</li>

<li>Social skills training</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Developmental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Floortime" title="Floortime">Floortime</a> (<a href="PLAY_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="PLAY Project">PLAY Project</a>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controversial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Applied_behavior_analysis" title="Applied behavior analysis">Applied behavior analysis</a> (ABA)</li>

<li><a href="Auditory_integration_training" title="Auditory integration training">Auditory integration training</a></li>

<li><a href="Aversion_therapy" title="Aversion therapy">Aversion therapy</a> (<a href="Judge_Rotenberg_Center" title="Judge Rotenberg Center">Judge Rotenberg Center</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Chelation_therapy" title="Chelation therapy">Chelation of mercury</a></li>

<li><a href="Facilitated_communication" title="Facilitated communication">Facilitated communication</a></li>

<li><a href="Gluten-free%2C_casein-free_diet" title="Gluten-free, casein-free diet">Gluten-free, casein-free diet</a></li>

<li><a href="Hug_machine" title="Hug machine">Hug machine</a></li>

<li><a href="Hyperbaric_oxygen_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperbaric oxygen therapy">Hyperbaric oxygen therapy</a></li>

<li><a href="Holding_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Holding therapy">Holding therapy</a></li>

<li>Relationship development intervention</li>

<li><a href="Secretin" title="Secretin">Secretin</a></li>

<li><a href="Sensory_integration_therapy" title="Sensory integration therapy">Sensory integration therapy</a></li>

<li><a href="Vitamin_B12" title="Vitamin B12">Vitamin B12</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder#Medication" title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">ADHD medication</a></li>

<li><a href="Melatonin" title="Melatonin">Melatonin</a></li>

<li><a href="Occupational_therapy" title="Occupational therapy">Occupational therapy</a></li>

<li><a href="Social_Stories" title="Social Stories">Social Stories</a></li>

<li><a href="Speech_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech therapy">Speech therapy</a></li>

<li><a href="Selective_serotonin_reuptake_inhibitor" title="Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor">Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Centers0" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Centers</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Association_for_Science_in_Autism_Treatment" title="Association for Science in Autism Treatment">Association for Science in Autism Treatment</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Research_Institute" title="Autism Research Institute">Autism Research Institute</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Science_Foundation" title="Autism Science Foundation">Autism Science Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Krieger_Institute" title="Kennedy Krieger Institute">Kennedy Krieger Institute</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Alliance_for_Autism_Research" title="National Alliance for Autism Research">National Alliance for Autism Research</a></li>

<li><a href="Simons_Foundation_Autism_Research_Initiative" title="Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative">Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative</a></li>

<li><a href="Yale_Child_Study_Center" title="Yale Child Study Center">Yale Child Study Center</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism_Research_Centre" title="Autism Research Centre">Autism Research Centre</a> (UK)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Outline_of_autism#Conditions_and_research_areas" title="Outline of autism">Conditions and research areas</a></li>

<li><a href="Outline_of_autism#Researchers_and_therapists" title="Outline of autism">Researchers</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Therapy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="United_States13" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;font-weight:normal;">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Center_for_Autism_and_Related_Disorders" title="Center for Autism and Related Disorders">Center for Autism and Related Disorders</a> (CARD)</li>

<li><a href="MIND_Institute" title="MIND Institute">MIND Institute</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_schools_for_people_on_the_autism_spectrum" title="List of schools for people on the autism spectrum">Schools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alpine_Learning_Group" title="Alpine Learning Group">Alpine Learning Group</a></li>

<li><a href="Eden_II_School_for_Autistic_Children" title="Eden II School for Autistic Children">Eden II School for Autistic Children</a></li>

<li><a href="ESPA_College" title="ESPA College">ESPA College</a> (UK)</li>

<li><a href="Exceptional_Minds" title="Exceptional Minds">Exceptional Minds</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="New_England_Center_for_Children" title="New England Center for Children">New England Center for Children</a></li>

<li><a href="Pathlight_School" title="Pathlight School">Pathlight School</a> (Singapore)</li>

<li><a href="Rebecca_School" title="Rebecca School">Rebecca School</a></li>

<li><a href="Sunfield_Children's_Home" title="Sunfield Children's Home">Sunfield Children's Home</a> (UK)</li>

<li><a href="TreeHouse_School" title="TreeHouse School">TreeHouse School</a> (UK)</li>

<li><a href="Western_Autistic_School" title="Western Autistic School">Western Autistic School</a> (Australia)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Organizations0" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Organizations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism_rights_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Autism rights movement">Autism rights movement</a></li>

<li><a href="Wrong_Planet" title="Wrong Planet">Wrong Planet</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="United_States13" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism_Network_International" title="Autism Network International">Autism Network International</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Science_Foundation" title="Autism Science Foundation">Autism Science Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistic_Self_Advocacy_Network" title="Autistic Self Advocacy Network">Autistic Self Advocacy Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Society_of_America" title="Autism Society of America">Autism Society of America</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Speaks" title="Autism Speaks">Autism Speaks</a></li>

<li><a href="Centro_Ponce%C3%B1o_de_Autismo" title="Centro Ponceño de Autismo">Centro Ponceño de Autismo</a></li>

<li><a href="Daniel_Jordan_Fiddle_Foundation" title="Daniel Jordan Fiddle Foundation">Daniel Jordan Fiddle Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Generation_Rescue" title="Generation Rescue">Generation Rescue</a></li>

<li><a href="Interactive_Autism_Network" title="Interactive Autism Network">Interactive Autism Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Interagency_Autism_Coordinating_Committee" title="Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee">Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee</a></li>

<li><a href="LENA_Foundation" title="LENA Foundation">LENA Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Alliance_for_Autism_Research" title="National Alliance for Autism Research">National Alliance for Autism Research</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Council_on_Severe_Autism" title="National Council on Severe Autism">National Council on Severe Autism</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Database_for_Autism_Research" title="National Database for Autism Research">National Database for Autism Research</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Autism_Community_in_Action" title="The Autism Community in Action">The Autism Community in Action</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Centro_Ann_Sullivan_del_Per%C3%BA" title="Centro Ann Sullivan del Perú">Centro Ann Sullivan</a> (Peru)</li>

<li><a href="Domus_Instituto_de_Autismo" title="Domus Instituto de Autismo">Domus Instituto de Autismo</a> (Mexico)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Action_for_Autism" title="Action for Autism">Action for Autism</a> (India)</li>

<li><a href="Autism_Resource_Centre_(Singapore)" title="Autism Resource Centre (Singapore)">Autism Resource Centre (Singapore)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caribbean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autistic_Society_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Autistic Society of Trinidad and Tobago">Autistic Society of Trinidad and Tobago</a> (Trinidad and Tobago)</li>

<li>Maia Chung Autism and Disabilities Foundation (Jamaica)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="UK2" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">UK</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism_Anglia" title="Autism Anglia">Autism Anglia</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Autism_Directory" title="The Autism Directory">The Autism Directory</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Awareness_Campaign_UK" title="Autism Awareness Campaign UK">Autism Awareness Campaign UK</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Cymru" title="Autism Cymru">Autism Cymru</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Plus" title="Autism Plus">Autism Plus</a></li>

<li><a href="Autistica" title="Autistica">Autistica</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Autistic_Society" title="National Autistic Society">National Autistic Society</a></li>

<li><a href="Sacar_(charity)" title="Sacar (charity)">Sacar</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Specialisterne" title="Specialisterne">Specialisterne</a> (Denmark)</li>

<li><a href="Aspies_For_Freedom" title="Aspies For Freedom">Aspies For Freedom</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Luke_Priddis_Foundation" title="Luke Priddis Foundation">Luke Priddis Foundation</a> (Australia)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Literature0" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Literature</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="The_Accidental_Teacher%3A_Life_Lessons_from_My_Silent_Son" class="mw-redirect" title="The Accidental Teacher: Life Lessons from My Silent Son">The Accidental Teacher: Life Lessons from My Silent Son</a></li>

<li><a href="Animals_in_Translation" title="Animals in Translation">Animals in Translation</a></li>

<li><a href="Aspergirls%3A_Empowering_Females_with_Asperger's_Syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspergirls: Empowering Females with Asperger's Syndrome">Aspergirls: Empowering Females with Asperger's Syndrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism's_False_Prophets" title="Autism's False Prophets">Autism's False Prophets</a></li>

<li><a href="Extreme_Love%3A_Autism" title="Extreme Love: Autism">Extreme Love: Autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Freaks%2C_Geeks%2C_and_Asperger_Syndrome%3A_A_User_Guide_to_Adolescence" class="mw-redirect" title="Freaks, Geeks, and Asperger Syndrome: A User Guide to Adolescence">Freaks, Geeks, and Asperger Syndrome: A User Guide to Adolescence</a></li>

<li><a href="In_a_Different_Key" title="In a Different Key">In a Different Key</a></li>

<li><a href="Life%2C_Animated" title="Life, Animated">Life, Animated</a></li>

<li><a href="Like_Colour_to_the_Blind" title="Like Colour to the Blind">Like Colour to the Blind</a></li>

<li><a href="Mother_Warriors" title="Mother Warriors">Mother Warriors</a></li>

<li><a href="My_Autobiography_(Miedzianik)" class="mw-redirect" title="My Autobiography (Miedzianik)">My Autobiography</a></li>

<li><a href="NeuroTribes" title="NeuroTribes">NeuroTribes</a></li>

<li><a href="Nobody_Nowhere" title="Nobody Nowhere">Nobody Nowhere</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Reason_I_Jump" title="The Reason I Jump">The Reason I Jump</a></li>

<li><a href="Somebody_Somewhere_(book)" title="Somebody Somewhere (book)">Somebody Somewhere</a></li>

<li><a href="Son-Rise%3A_The_Miracle_Continues" title="Son-Rise: The Miracle Continues">Son-Rise: The Miracle Continues</a></li>

<li><a href="Strange_Son" title="Strange Son">Strange Son</a></li>

<li><a href="Switched_On_(book)" title="Switched On (book)">Switched On</a></li>

<li><a href="Unstrange_Minds" title="Unstrange Minds">Unstrange Minds</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="The_Curious_Incident_of_the_Dog_in_the_Night-Time" title="The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time">The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time</a></li>

<li><a href="House_Rules_(novel)" title="House Rules (novel)">House Rules</a></li>

<li><a href="Mockingbird_(Erskine_novel)" title="Mockingbird (Erskine novel)">Mockingbird</a></li>

<li><a href="Saving_Max" title="Saving Max">Saving Max</a></li>

<li><a href="Speed_of_Dark" title="Speed of Dark">Speed of Dark</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Winter_Journey_(novel)" title="The Winter Journey (novel)">The Winter Journey</a></li>

<li><a href="With_the_Light" title="With the Light">With the Light</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">For younger people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Everybody_Is_Different%3A_A_Book_for_Young_People_Who_Have_Brothers_or_Sisters_With_Autism" class="mw-redirect" title="Everybody Is Different: A Book for Young People Who Have Brothers or Sisters With Autism">Everybody Is Different: A Book for Young People Who Have Brothers or Sisters With Autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Ian's_Walk%3A_A_Story_about_Autism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ian's Walk: A Story about Autism">Ian's Walk: A Story about Autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Marcelo_in_the_Real_World" title="Marcelo in the Real World">Marcelo in the Real World</a></li>

<li><a href="Rage%3A_A_Love_Story" title="Rage: A Love Story">Rage: A Love Story</a></li>

<li><a href="Rules_(novel)" title="Rules (novel)">Rules</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Autism_(journal)" title="Autism (journal)">Autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_in_Adulthood" title="Autism in Adulthood">Autism in Adulthood</a></li>

<li><a href="Autism_Research" title="Autism Research">Autism Research</a></li>

<li><a href="Journal_of_Autism_and_Developmental_Disorders" title="Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders">Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders</a></li>

<li><a href="Molecular_Autism" title="Molecular Autism">Molecular Autism</a></li>

<li><a href="Research_in_Autism_Spectrum_Disorders" title="Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders">Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-17" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=High-functioning_autism&oldid=1301072885">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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